Argumentative Essay on Police Brutality Essays

Argumentative Essay on Police Brutality Essays Argumentative Essay on Police Brutality Paper Argumentative Essay on Police Brutality Paper Essay Topic: Argumentative The police serve an integral part in society as its protectors. The profession of a policeman is considered noble as they save lives, catch criminals and are concerned with the preservation of order. The ideal policeman does not always correspond to reality. In addition to few good policemen who save lives and are always ready to help, there is always a bad cop, not noticed by the superiors. Sometimes people, obsessed with power, who did not have the opportunity to realize their desire, fall into the ranks of policemen. Law enforcement officials like all people have drawbacks, and the situations they face are frequently dangerous and require a rapid response. The price of illegal police actions is very high. It is expressed in undermining respect for law enforcement agencies, which generates in ethnic minority communities in particular a split between police and society. Law enforcement officials like all people have drawbacks, and the situations they face are frequently dangerous and require a rapid response. The price of illegal police actions is very high. It is expressed in undermining respect for law enforcement agencies, which generates in ethnic minority communities in particular a split between police and society. Victims of police violence have many different ways of complaining about police brutality. But the chances of seeing their abusers in the dock are really low. Some victims file a civil claim, but their chances of success vary from city to city and, as a rule, financial responsibility in such cases is borne by the municipality, and not by the guilty police officer. Victims are frightened by the prospect of filing a complaint with the Police Internal Investigations Department. In addition, the police departments secrecy regime in practice means that the victim learns nothing about whether any disciplinary action has been taken against the guilty employee. With regard to the initiation of criminal proceedings at the federal or local level, most victims rightly believe that such an option is unlikely, except the cases that have been widely publicized. As a result, the damage caused by police violence is aggravated by the feelings of resentment and feebleness of the victims. Since it is c ommon knowledge that police abuse control procedures are not effective enough, many victims of excessive violence do not even try to complain. All of the above factors lead to the fact that the guilty policemen remain in the positions held. The police brutality in the United States leads to the most serious and systematic human rights violations. This problem is of a national and institutional nature. Police throughout the United States use firearms, beat detainees, use methods that make them choking, and use unreasonably brutal measures of physical pressure without sufficient justification. The systematically cruel police officers make up only a small part of the police force. They are subject to numerous complaints, but the silence of colleagues and the bias of internal police investigations hide them from responsibility. The victim, who seeks redress, faces obstacles at every stage of the process, from open intimidation to the unwillingness of the local and federal prosecutors to take cases against the illegal and excessive use of force by the police. The police brutality in the USA has recently become a dangerous trend. Often police officers build up negative feelings towards certain races, sexes, or religions.  The racial issue continues to play a central role in police abuses. Despite the progress made since the civil rights movement for the equality of the 1950s and 1960s, one area remains difficult to change: it is a police behavior with representatives of racial minorities. This still remains the big problem for the society. Policemen expose members of ethnic minorities to discriminatory treatment, unlawfully apply physical force to them and allow racist statements. Every new case of police brutality against African-Americans, Hispanics or other minorities and especially cases covered in the media further reinforces the current belief that some citizens are particularly abused and racially discriminated. 1146 and 1093 people were killed by the police in 2016 and 2015 in the USA respectively. Police have brutalized black and Latino people as a means of consolidating and advancing white supremacy. In the United States, the cases when police use excessive force are very often revealed through good surveillance technologies and an active community of online activists and civil rights advocates. Although this creates problems among police officers, at the same time it allows disclosing cases of police brutality that might remain hidden. There is no effective system of bringing perpetrators to justice and informing citizens about such cases. Usually, the police do not investigate human rights violations, and the perpetrators escape punishment; there are obstacles to the implementation of justice. Racial and sexual minorities had been victims of police brutality in the United States for many years. Just one percent of complaints about police using excessive force are acted upon in central New Jersey, according to an investigation by Courier News and the Home News Tribune. The government needs to make a serious structural reform, and recognize this. Law enforcement officers dont get to interpret the law or decide what is excessive and what isnt; rules should do that. Rodney King beating the first known case of brutality in the USA. The first and probably one of the most famous cases in America related to the police use excessive force occurred back in 1992 in Los Angeles when a video recording where five policemen beat an unarmed African American with batons was released. This incident became known due the fact that all five policemen were fully justified. The public confidence in the police has fallen greatly. And then mass protests began, which turned into riots lasted for 3 days and lead to 53 people died, along with catastrophic levels of property damage and looting. This prompted the authorities to take action and, as a result, 4 out of 5 were brought to justice, and the Los Angeles Police Department undertook a series of reforms. After this incident, the police brutality stepped over the threshold. The cases when police use excessive force began to concern those on whom they were directly affected and also became widely covered in the press. Before Rodney King, only a few knew about such cases, and there were only a few such videos. But such videos will not lead to the disappearance of racist police brutality. The reports about the brutality against people are rarely shown on TV in the USA, and they focus on young, innocent victims. But still, such cases are becoming more and more well-known in society. One of the most recent incidents where police exceed authority happened in Ferguson, Missouri in 2014. The murder of unarmed black teenager Michael Brown by white policeman Darron Wilson caused a wave of mass protests, revealing the deep-seated problems of the American justice system that has not still eradicated racial contradictions. For disobeying the demands to move to the pavement from the roadway of the street, Braun was shot by Wilson. The non-involvement of Wilson in criminal responsibility has exacerbated the situation. The unsuccessful attempt to introduce a state of emergency and curfew in Ferguson led to mass skirmishes of protesters with police and National Guard units, which were transferred to the city. The protests against police brutality began last year in dozens of US cities. Hundreds of people were arrested. In connection with the police using excessive force against the demonstrators, the US President was strongly criticized for the militarization of police. In response to criticism, a revision of federal programs began, in which the municipal police units were supplied with military equipment military aircraft, grenade launchers, tactical vehicles equipped with weapons. This equipment was intended to be used by the US police force against its own people. US President Barack Obama and his Admi nistration condemned the riots and assured that the murder of a teenager would be thoroughly investigated. No matter what law enforcement officers do, including violence against children, they rarely face criminal charges, much less jail. And this fact must be changed. Due to growing number victims of police brutality, it is crucial to find the solution how to stop these actions. Serious human rights violations continue, numerous obstacles do not allow accountable police officers to be brought to justice, and this impunity allows them to continue the violence. References: Principles of Good Policing: Avoiding Violence Between Police and Citizens https://www.justice.gov/archive/crs/pubs/principlesofgoodpolicingfinal092003.htm Law Enforcement and Violence: The Divide between Black and White Americans apnorc.org/projects/Pages/HTML%20Reports/law-enforcement-and-violence-the-divide-between-black-and-white-americans0803-9759.aspx 99 Percent Of Police Brutality Reports In Central New Jersey Never See The Light Of Day alternet.org/99-percent-police-brutality-reports-central-new-jersey-never-see-light-day

Academic writing skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Academic writing skills - Essay Example The critical comparison of two academic papers requires the presentation of their strengths and weaknesses in regard to their structure and content;at the same time it is necessary to refer to their alignment with the ethical standards of academic research– especially if there is empirical research involved. Current paper focuses on the comparison of two academic pieces of work; the first of them, entitled as ‘Earning it’ will be referred to as ‘Assignment 1’, while the second one, entitled as ‘Direct Line Reviews and System Acquisition’ will be referred to as ‘Assignment 2’; the two assignments will be compared as of their structural characteristics and content, but also as of their language and referencing. The fact that the two papers will not refer to the same subject does not set barriers to their comparison, since they are of similar type, i.e. they are both essays, and of similar length (Shampoo and Resnik, 2009, p. 8) – even if assignment 1 is of more words compared to assignment 2, a fact which will be of critical importance for evaluating the two paper’s structure/ content, as analysed below. One of the first issues that should be highlighted is the difference in the research done in regard to the issues under discussion; more specifically, the first paper has been supported by a series of studies, approximately 10, which provide critical information on the issues under discussion. ... icant efforts, in terms of the nature of the paper’s subject, to cover the issues under discussion but he had limited choices in terms of literature available on the specific subject. In terms of the planning of each paper, the following comments would be made: assignment 1 is not well structured, the issues related to the paper are adequately supported in terms of references but they are not clearly presented; more specifically, it could be argued that assignment 1 is not easy to be read – providing a lot of information on the paper’s subject but the material is not appropriately categorized and cited. This difficulty in reading and understanding assignment 1 is probably caused of its presentation – sections are not clearly distinguished, instead, long paragraphs are used for presenting the material available and the author’s arguments. Moreover, in assignment 1 it is difficult for the reader to understand the coherence of information. Information from various sources is added but is not appropriately presented, as explained above. In this way, the value of the paper as an academic piece of work is reduced. On the other hand, assignment 2 is well structured; paragraphs and sub-paragraphs have been used in order to make the text easier to be read. Moreover, the sequence in the arguments regarding the issues under discussion is clearer – a fact which is proved through the appropriate (and logical) order of the paper’s sections (as they are revealed through its sub-headings). For this reason, in terms of planning, the assignment 2 has a clear advantage – taking into consideration also the fact that despite the lack of adequate references, assignment 2 is well supported in terms of the arguments involve, an issue which is also analytically discussed below

Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Interview - Essay Example He began working as a part time artist through making portraits on commission. The interview took place on January 10th 2007 at Anthony's residential home. The interview session lasted for 2 hours. Summary of interview Davies Anthony has the knowledge of various cultural diversities across the globe. My interview was based on the above questions which Anthony answered one after another. He describes his background as not representative to his current career since initially he studied economics and his dream was becoming an economic consultant for the rest of his life. However, he became interested with becoming an artist after realizing that he had the talent. He never enrolled in any course related to paintings though he went some classes on how to organize painting exhibitions "painting exhibitions is a trade fair event that brings out artistic identities of various regions in the world". He explains I've been organizing these exhibitions in almost every corner of the world making me intermingle with people from different cultural divides. The exhibitions are attached with various prizes and awards most of which are scoped by Anthony. He says that he does not relate to Henri Rousseau though they came from the same backyard and are in the same field of artistic paintings. However, they share business issues and challenges together. "I chose to work intentionally so as to have a wider customer base for my paintings and also to help me in understanding different cultures" He asserts. Working intentionally is something that Davies had prepared for since he had enrolled for various languages in the linguistic department of Cambridge University via online. The languages were Japanese, Spanish, French, Chinese and Amharic. He speaks the languages...However, he became interested with becoming an artist after realizing that he had the talent. He never enrolled in any course related to paintings though he went some classes on how to organize painting exhibitions "painting exhibitions is a trade fair event that brings out artistic identities of various regions in the world". He explains I've been organizing these exhibitions in almost every corner of the world making me intermingle with people from different cultural divides. The exhibitions are attached with various prizes and awards most of which are scoped by Anthony. He says that he does not relate to Henri Rousseau though they came from the same backyard and are in the same field of artistic paintings. However, they share business issues and challenges together. "I chose to work intentionally so as to have a wider customer base for my paintings and also to help me in understanding different cultures" He asserts. Working intentionally is something that Davies had prepared for since he had enrolled for various languages in the linguistic department of Cambridge University via online. The languages were Japanese, Spanish, French, Chinese and Amharic. He speaks the languages partially while abroad and in France. "My skills of having some knowledge on various languages in the world have been very resourceful as I tour and work in the global

Film Analysis with Historical Themes Research Proposal

Film Analysis with Historical Themes - Research Proposal Example This portion also facilitates a viewer’s understanding of class divisions which are apparently based on racial differences such as the attributes that distinguish Tenoch, son of a Harvard Economist and Secretary of State, from Julio, son of a single mother whose average line of work does not stand a chance at promotion despite tenure in a firm as a secretary. By adding relevant information regarding the participation of his sister in the leftist movement, the story further clarifies that Julio belongs to the ordinary working class whereas Tenoch opulently indulges being in the ruling class as a ‘criollo’. More evidently, the racial context featured in the film may be traced back to ancestral European and Indian colonists which correspondingly manifest in the white color of Tenoch and the dark complexion of Julio. Though this situation reflects struggle with racial discrimination, the special inseparable bond between Tenoch and Julio who appear to treat each other with brotherly fondness symbolizes union between European and Indian races which altogether form Mexico as a nation. ... remarkably strong civilizations, the Aztec, and Tenoch, having derived his name from ‘Tenochlitian’ of the Aztecs, bears its vivacious character prior to colonization by the west. The length of the road trip taken by the boys is meant to present encounters that would signify how the majority of the population and environment have barely coped on moving forward from extreme poverty especially in rural areas. An adequate number of shots on momentous journeys have been taken at a view from the inside of the moving vehicle for the purpose of boldly illustrating the life of the indigenous Indians whose preference to remain in an ethnic way of living has by far separated them from the country’s behavior in combating the Third World status. One of the movie’s implications is that by start of the new millennium, the landed aristocracy that was for long Mexico's ruling class had been replaced by a plutocracy whose wealth derives from manufacturing, commerce, and fin ance--but rapid growth of the urban lower classes reveals the failure of the Mexican Revolution and subsequent agrarian reform to produce a middle-class majority (Nutini & Isaac, 2009). An event in which Tenoch and Julio witnessed a man by the name of Marcelino Escutia who is dead on the spot after being hit by a speeding bus. The point is, as a migrant brick worker coming from the countryside, he represents the marginal class which, due to unbearable poverty, have crossed certain borders and gone extra miles in order to attain a better standard of living or survive at the least. In a matrimonial ceremony, Tenoch and Julio meet Luisa Cortes, a Spanish woman from Madrid in approximately her 30s and wife of Jano, cousin of Tenoch, whose infidelity to Luisa would draw the latter to find solace in the company and

History - French Revolution Essay Example for Free

History French Revolution Essay I truly believe it was the collective effect of all the causes of the French Revolution that finally caused the people to rise up. In 1789 the people of France were suffering under the rule of Louis XVI, who used the countries money to provide him and his family the most luxurious life imaginable, while the people starved. The political regime of the time was a absolute monarchy (regime in which the country is ruled by a King or Queen, who inherit this position and has absolute power), but in theory there was a form of parliament, Estates General that consisted of elected representatives. This group of people could only meet if the King allowed or requested the meeting and in the 175 years of the parliament’s existence there had not been a single meeting. This fact frustrated the people because the King did not take their opinion and needs in consideration. Louis XVI would do as he pleased, a clear example of that was placing people in jail for no absolute reason except maybe his dislike for them. During the 18th century France was in a number of wars leaving the country with a lot of debts. In 1780’s the country had to borrow more money simply to pay interest (the amount of money paid on the money borrowed) on their debts. The royal family had a lifestyle the country could not support because only the lower classes were taxed, the peasants (people who worked on the land), while the higher classes, clergy (the religious leaders, individuals that worked for the roman catholic church, ex: priests) and the nobles (entities with a high social rank, ex: Ladies and Lords) did not pay tax at all. In other words the tax system needed a urgent reform (improvement). The social structure was horribly unfair. It was divided in three groups that were called â€Å"Estates†. The first estate was the Clergy, the people who belong to this estate worked for the Roman Catholic Church, which was at the time the main religion in France. At this specific stage in time the church owned a lot of land and most of their high officials were extremely wealthy. The Nobles formed the second estate. They were given many special rights and privileges. The third estate was made up of 98% of the people. This estate was where all the peasants, middle class traders and all kinds of professionals (ex. Lawyers). They paid heavy tax and had absolutely no privileges at all. Above all the estates was the King and his family with the absolute power. â€Å"It was the collective effect of all the causes of the French Revolution that finally caused the people to rise up. † History Essay Lara Ismael Nogueira Martha  For many centuries people in the whole of Europe accepted the authority of both their Kings and the Roman Catholic Church, a clear example of that was the â€Å"Divine Right of Kings† (this concept simply means that people believed their Kings and Queens were a representation of God and had to be respected and adored as such). Finally during the 18th century many philosophers started questioning these ideas. These period was called the Age of Enlightenment because the people began to question the old ways, led by the church, and created their own. Science had great advances during these times because everything was new, there was something to be discovered everyday†¦ it was at this point that Theocentrism (God in the center of the universe) was put aside and gave room for a complete new way of thinking and living, Anthropocentrism (man in the center of the universe). Diderot was a clear example of a philosopher that question the church and made his opinion well known. He was the leader of a group made up of philosophers that called themselves the â€Å"Encyclopaedists†, they’re goal was to write a series of books called â€Å"Encyclopaedia† (books that contained all existing knowledge). As they began to write the books they became more and more aware of the situation in France. They made their books public, therefore everyone could read them, this act helped spread the revolutionary ideas more than they already were. As the popularity of the Encyclopaedia grew so did the need for individual opinions. Another great example was Rousseau he was the true star, known as the father of democracy, he believed in equality among the people, and wrote about rules that weren’t based or chosen by God but by the people. This was the basic principles of democracy. In May of 1789 the representatives formed the National Assembly and met outside Paris against the Kings will and started a process of reform. They vowed to continue working until they had drawn up a new constitution for the country. However the process was very slow and the people of Paris grew impatient, the bread prices were constantly rising and the unemployment rate grew. On the 14th of July of 1789 angry people invaded the Bastille, killed the governor also some of the soldiers who tried to stop them and freed prisoners. When the news of the takeover reached other parts of France the ordinary people revolted and just like that the revolution started. â€Å"It was the collective effect of all the causes of the French Revolution that finally caused the people to rise up. † History Essay Lara Ismael Nogueira Martha In conclusion all this events such as the rise of bread prices and the unemployment rate in the country, the lack of interest the King showed for his people’s needs and the unfairness between classes made the people of France stand up for all they believed they deserved and needed.

Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) Essay -- essays research papers

Youth crime is a growing epidemic that affects most teenagers at one point in their life. There is no question in society to whether or not youths are committing crimes. It has been shown that since 1986 to 1998 violent crime committed by youth jumped approximately 120% (CITE). The most controversial debate in Canadian history would have to be about the Young Offenders Act (YOA). In 1982, Parliament passed the Young Offenders Act (YOA). Effective since 1984, the Young Offenders Act replaced the most recent version of the Juvenile Delinquents Act (JDA). The Young Offenders Act’s purpose was to shift from a social welfare approach to making youth take responsibility for their actions. It also addressed concerns that the paternalistic treatment of children under the JDA did not conform to Canadian human rights legislation (Mapleleaf). It remained a heated debate until the new legislation passed the Youth Criminal Justice Act. Some thought a complete overhaul was needed, others t hought minor changes would suffice, and still others felt that the Young Offenders Act was best left alone. In February 2002, the House of Commons passed the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA). The Act came into effect in April 2003, replacing the Young Offenders Act (Mapleleaf). The new legislation attempts to balance the legalistic framework of the Young Offenders Act and the social needs approach underlying the Juvenile Delinquents Act. This goal is apparent in the Declaration of Principle stating th...

Three Dialogues Between Hylas And Philonous

The dialogues between Hylas and Philonous were written by George Berkeley, who was ordained as a Bishop in Cloyne. He was also a famous idealist and philosopher of the early modern period. His works reflects metaphysical ideas and concepts of idealism. Berkeley had written several books in his lifetime. All of his works reflected his views about life and spirituality as he makes arguments about the existence of things around us. He is very resilient in defending his claim by providing valid supporting evidences to support the argument.He is formulating arguments through proper use of words and concepts. He also made several critiques about the works of other philosophers who doubts in the existence of God. It was evident that Berkeley believes that there is a God, a Supreme Being who is responsible for the things we see. He is responsible for the sensorial qualities of the things around us. He explained the omnipotence of God from an idealist perspective. He made very strong argument s by questioning the nature of our sensory abilities and providing possible hypothesis for this.After making a series of hypotheses, he discarded each one by providing a counter-argument until he comes up with the last hypothesis that there is one capable being that is responsible for everything on Earth including the sensorial faculties of man. During Berkeley’s time, a lot of philosophers like the famous rationalist John Descartes, believed that material things existed even if it is not perceived by the human mind. They argued that the qualities of the object were inherent to the latter with or without human perception.They also believed that the objects around us help us to generate ideas about it as well as attributes. They also argued that human perception could be deceiving because not all concepts that were perceived by the senses were viable. Sometimes what we see in an object is not its real quality. A good example of this perhaps would be a pencil in a glass of wate r wherein a part of a pencil is submerged while the other is not. It can be observed that the submerged part appears to be bigger than the other half. Berkeley did not believe that material things existed. Rather, he believed in immaterialism and idealism.He argued with the apologists of materialism about this. He pointed out that materialism can be explained by the existence things around us through our own ideas but it cannot explain the nature of our ideas through the things around us. Maybe one advantage that Berkeley had at that time that made his argument firm was the fact that nobody could placidly explain to him what a material thing really is. Their description and exposition could not suffice the counter-arguments and inquisition of Berkeley. He believed that material things did not really exist. These were mere products of our senses.He expounded that material things are dependent on our mind and sensory abilities. Without our sensory-neural facilities, there will be no c oncept of things. Thus a material thing would not exist. In his work, â€Å"The Three Dialogues of Hylas and Philonous, in opposition to Skeptics and Atheists† Berkeley made a direct attack on the supporters of materialism by juxtaposing the claims of the materialist and his counter arguments. He used fictitious characters in this work in the likeness of Hylas and Philonous to explain his views about the perception of things and how these could be attributed to skepticism and atheism.He expressed his ideas on the words of Philonius, a character in his work, as he was conversing with Hylas, the character that represents the advocate of materialism. In the preface of his work, Berkeley explained that if the inferences he made would be validated, the concept of atheism and skepticism will no longer be applicable. He believes that if his ideas were applied, there will be a re-evaluation in the principles of science. The pointless part should be omitted keeping those that are plai n. The complex rationale for the things around us will be simplified.Also, he explained that instead of using paradox and ambiguous statement, man could simply apply plain common sense to explain the things around him. In the three dialogues of Philonous and Hylas, Berkeley used simple examples using the qualities that we perceive through our senses such as colors, sweetness of sugar, hot and cold and a lot more to support his inference that the qualities of material things does not exist per se. It is perceived through our senses and we associate the qualities. He even commented on the use of a microscope to see the qualities of things not visible in the unaided eye.I would like to share a particular scenario to illustrate my understanding of Berkeley’s views and how he inferred that materialism could lead to atheism and skepticism. As I was reading the lengthy debate of Hylas and Philonous, a particular instance came to my mind. What if three people were left in an isolated region with no initial knowledge of the common qualities of things? To intricate further, one of them could be considered color blind but can hear, the other can hear as well but could not see anything, and the third cannot hear sound but has normal vision. How do they describe a yellow chirping bird for example?Maybe in the perspective of the first person, it is a gray bird chirping. The second person perhaps might not have any ideas that there is a yellow bird but he could describe that he could hear a chirping sound, not exactly from a bird. The last one, however, could see a yellow bird with its beak moving, but there is no sound. Considering their three accounts, how would they know the real qualities attributed to the bird? Is the bird really yellow or is it gray? Does it really chirp or does it simply move its beak, or is there really a bird or is it just a chirping sound?In that example, who describes the most accurate qualities of the bird? How would the third person infer that he sees the correct color because he is normal if there are only three of them with different descriptions? Is it suffice hitherto to conclude that qualities of the materials are inherent to the subject with our without our perception if these qualities differ from one person to another? What if half of the world’s population had congenital color blindness and claims that the leaves of the trees are brown while the other half claims it is green.How can the latter defend that the leaves are green if the former does not have any concept of what the color green is? What then is the real color of the leaves? Is it brown or is it green? What then is the inherent color of the leaves with or without man’s perception and how can we prove it? How can we say that everything that we perceive is the inherent quality of that object? I believe that the scenario was as the same as what Berkeley wanted to point out. In this dialogue, Philonous enlightened Hylas about his percept ion on material things.Hylas believed that we cannot dissociate a characteristic of material to a material. We cannot say that a sugar will no longer be sweet just because we do not perceive it as sweet. However, if we are going to look for the history of sweetness as one of the characteristics of sugar, it will be easier to infer that this observation was based on the consensus of the people who tasted sugar. It was perceived by our taste buds. A lot of people sharing the same opinion established the authenticity in the statement that sugar is sweet. What if we could not taste sugar, does that mean that it is no longer sweet?If our taste buds failed to savor the sweetness in the chocolate bar that we are eating, does that mean that the chocolate bar is no longer sweet? However, one interesting argument that Berkeley laid through Philonous was that if it is true that qualities are innate to the object per se, why does food taste bitter to others while sweet to some? If our perceptua l rationale is arbitrary, how can we establish the fact that the characteristics of an object around us akin to the object? What will that characteristics be? How can we prove that objects would exist with or without us?I would admit that the challenging enigma that Berkeley posed in this dialogue is quite tedious to refute. I agree with Berkeley as he opposed the idea that the qualities of an object are inherent to the object with or without our perception of it because we have different perspectives. Our concepts of things are provisory on our capacity to view things. We cannot think of the unthinkable, of something that goes beyond our capacity to think. Also, on the Third Dialogue, Hylas asks Philonous about the story of creation wherein Moses described the creation of corporeal things, the sun, the moon, the plants and animals.These were not mere ideas existing only in the mind. These are tangible things. Hylas challenged Philonous on how he could make his claims consistent to the account stated in the story of Creation. Philonous defense was to define what he meant by ideas. Ideas are not fictitious. According to Philonous, ideas are based on the things perceived by the senses. Any object that could not be perceived by the senses could not be considered ideas or beyond human thought that it will be impossible to draw even a visual representation are not ideas. Thus, his claim is cohesive with the theories of creation because we can perceive these things.What Philonous disapproves is the fact that material things exist by itself with its characteristics distinct. In the last part of the third dialogue, Hylas was convinced with the explanation of Philonous. They made inferences and juxtaposed their claims and the notions of the materialist philosopher and their rationale for the claim. They inferred that matterare things that are perceived by the mind and its qualities are not akin to itself but on our perception of it. It is a common knowledge but through the philosophies introduced by other scholars seemed makes it more intricate.His main goal is to unite the â€Å"concept that the things we are the real things and these are ideas which exists only in the boundaries of our minds. † Berkeley believes that the principle of materialism could lead to skepticism and atheism because something beyond the capacity of our mind, we tend to conceptualize a material world without the sovereign of God. In my opinion, what the author wanted to say was that the moment we believe that a thing would exist by itself independent of our perception would imply that a material world could be expected to run without God.It would lead us to believe that material things exist the way they are and there are no spiritual being causing those things to happen. On the last part of the dialogue, Philonous connoted that some philosophers had the tendency to become skeptics and atheist with formulation of scientific and mathematical principles and of things with no empirical content. It should not be the case; the principles of science should not be a paradox to the existence of God. By believing that things exist beyond our perception is an outright denial that God does not exist.It is embracing the notion that things are just the way they and there is nobody that controls it. In the last part, he used the fountain as an example. Water was able to rise and fall because of gravity. This principle made others skeptics when in fact this could simply be explained in a lighter sense. Our perception makes us aware of the gifts God has endowed in our world, its existence is under the providence of God. Thus, thinking what our minds cannot conceive and our senses cannot perceive could led us to doubt that God is the cause of all these things. This skepticism in the long run could lead to denial of God